Schizophrenia (which is a component of the schizophrenia spectrum disorders) is a chronic, debilitating and complex mental health disorder characterised by impairments in cognition, mood, perception of reality and interpersonal relationships. However, there have been suggestions that these data (despite being high) are still grossly underestimated. In 2016, mental health and addictive disorders were reported to have affected over 1 billion people worldwide, accounting for about 7% of the global burden of disease measured in disability adjusted life years and approximately 19% of years lived with disability. Globally, the societal and economic burden of mental health disorders have continued to increase, with available data currently showing an increasing prevalence of a number of these psychiatric disorders in high- and upper-middle income economies. Secondly, the effect of nutritional supplements in prevention, as sole therapy, or adjuncts in schizophrenia management are examined. ![]() In this review, we examine existing scientific literature dealing with the possible relationship between nutrition and schizophrenia, with a view to elucidating the impact of diet, nutritional deficiencies and excesses on the aetiology, progression, management and outcome of schizophrenia. In recent times, research is beginning to show nutrition may play a possibly significant role in schizophrenia, affecting its development, progression and management however, while attempts had been made to examine this possible relationship from different angles, articles addressing it from a holistic point of view are not common. ![]() Therefore, the possible contribution of non-pharmacological approaches to schizophrenia management is worthy of consideration. However, what has become more evident is the fact that in targeting the neurochemical imbalances that may underlie schizophrenia, the type of response seen with currently available phamacotherapeutic agents does not provide all the answers that are needed. ![]() Understanding the details of the neurochemical basis of schizophrenia, factors that contribute to it and possible measures for intervention are areas of ongoing research. Schizophrenia is a mental health disorder that occurs worldwide, cutting across cultures, socioeconomic groups, and geographical barriers.
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